In this video, I'm going to do a complete phonology problem. Starting from a data set, I will search for allophones and phonemes, looking for the environments where the allophones may occur (if there are any). Then, I will create a formal rule for that logical process. I will do this step-by-step systematically so that you can see someone working on a real problem and apply those steps to other problems on your own. There is a systematic way to do things, so we're going to look at the Korean "s" and "Shh". In other words, we can call this the Korean sibilant problem. Here is the data. Now, this might not be 100% accurate for Korean native speakers. There may be some slight alterations, but this is done to simplify the data set and make it easier to work with. This is a standard practice in phonology because data sets can be very messy, and starting with messy data sets would make learning difficult. The first thing we do when comparing two sounds is to look for minimal pairs. Usually, we are told which sounds we are looking at when we have these data sets. In this case, we are looking at "cinch". We need to find minimal pairs with these sounds. I see a minimal pair for "and" and "hmm", but we're not working with those, so they won't help us much. In fact, you may have noticed that there are no minimal pairs for "cinch", so we have to resort to a more monotonous task – writing out environment charts. An environment chart essentially pinpoints a sound and writes down one sound to the left of it and one sound to the right of it in all circumstances. Let's start with the alveolar fricative and go word by...